This paper assesses the political and social feasibility of a just transition in the Philippines. It examines the energy sector’s political and socioeconomic dimensions and presents four different roadmaps to deliver a socially just energy transition while assuring the country reaches its climate goals.
As one of the world’s fastest-growing economies with the highest population growth in Southeast Asia, the Philippines faces an increase in energy demand but remains heavily reliant on fossil fuels despite its vulnerability to climate change. The authors call for an energy transition in the Philippines not only to mitigate climate change but also for economic reasons, since renewable energy has gained cost competitiveness relative to fossil fuels. However, the authors believe such a transition must also ensure universal access to electricity and reduce social inequality.
The paper recommends four “road maps to a socially just energy transition.” These include integrating energy system planning, such as grid expansion and energy access plans for rural areas; implementing renewable energy development programs that would feature rooftop solar and renewable energy support schemes; promoting energy efficiency and conservation; and maintaining some conventional electricity generation technologies to minimize the risks of stranded assets.