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What is "Just Transition"?
Report/Guidelines, Strategies and Recommendations; Policy Tools or Evaluations
Apr 2020

Distributional Impacts of Mining Transitions: Learning from the Past

This paper examines the distributional impacts of mining transitions and of common policy responses through a systemic review of literature on past mine closures and declines.

Geographic Scope
Global
Sectors
Mining
Detail
Focus Areas
Economic diversification/restructuring > Economic development plans
Employment > Skills, Social protections
Government intervention > Regulation
Inequality and/or poverty > Gender inequality, Other
Justice
Social and/or cultural impacts > Non-financial loss, Pride or cultural identity
Keywords
youth
distributional impacts
social equity
migration
gender roles
By
May Thazin Aung
Publishing Organization
Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI)
Academic/research institution or journal
Summary

Discussions on mine decline and closure primarily focus on the economic impacts. There is limited empirical evidence of the actual distributional impacts, particularly of policy responses designed to address them. The authors conduct a systemic analysis of literature on past mine closures and declines to evaluate the potential distributional impacts of the transitions and of their common policy responses.

The authors largely focus on the distributional impacts (social, economic, and political) in relation to gender and age. They find the economic decline disrupted traditional gender norms for women and especially affected young people seeking to enter the job market, often resulting in disenchantment and migration. They also examine how distributional impacts can emerge from programs designed to restore jobs, rehabilitate the socioeconomic conditions of mining communities, and prevent out-migration. Based on these findings, they provide general recommendations and considerations for future policies.

Report/Guidelines, Strategies and Recommendations
Jun 2020

Actions to Transform Food Systems under Climate Change

This report identifies the current failures of the global food system and defines four areas in which it can be transformed to meet food and nutritional demands and combat climate change.

Geographic Scope
Global
Sectors
Agriculture
Land-use
Detail
Focus Areas
Economic diversification/restructuring > Economic development plans
Employment > Skills, Social protections
Environment and/or pollution > Human health, Nature
Inequality and/or poverty > Gender inequality, Other
Resilience
Social and/or cultural impacts > Pride or cultural identity
Keywords
sustainable development goals
rural poverty
women
youth
diet
nutrition
transformational change
farmer advisory services
rural reinvigoration
food security
By
Achim Steiner, Grethel Aguilar, Khalid Bomba, Juan Pablo Bonilla, Andrew Campbell, Ruben Echeverria, Rikin Gandhi, Connie Hedegaard, Diane Holdorf, Naoko Ishii, Kenneth Quinn, Bas Ruter, Ishmael Sunga, Pavan Sukhdev, Sunny Verghese, Juergen Voegele, Paul Winters, Bruce Campbell, Dhanush Dinesh, Sophia Huyer, Andrew Jarvis, Ana Maria Loboguerrero Rodriguez, Alberto Millan, Philip Thornton, Lini Wollenberg, Stephen Zebiak
Publishing Organization
CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change
Inter-governmental/international organization
Summary

“This report identifies the current failures of global food systems in eliminating food insecurity, providing nutritious food, and mitigating climate change. The global food system is currently a major contributor to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and fails to provide an adequate pathway to meet the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals.

To correct these food system failures, the authors recommend 11 transformative actions across four distinct categories: rerouting farming practices to eliminate GHG emissions and increase female and youth participation; de-risking farm livelihoods to increase resiliency against variable weather and extreme events; reducing emissions through dietary shifts and reductions in food waste; and realigning policies and finance to support social movements and spur innovation.

The costs of not reforming global food systems include increased food and nutrition insecurity, decreased smallholder participation, increased rural poverty, increased gender disparities and social inclusion, lost opportunities for rural youth, increased sensitivity to changing climate and extreme weather events, and loss of biodiversity.”